ANARCHY 'N' EXPLOSIVES - VOLUME 7
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By Doctor Dissector, 6/16/89
FIRE FUDGE
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a. Description.
(1) This item consists of a mixture of sugar and potassium chlorate in a
hot water solution which solidifies when cooled to room temperature.
It can be used to ignite most incendiaries, except thermite. It may
be used directly as an incendiary on rags, dry paper, dry hay, or in
the combustible vapor above liquid fuels.
(2) The igniter can be initiated by a fuse cord, string fuse, or concen-
trated sulfuric acid.
(3) Fire fudge resembles a white sugar fudge having a smooth, hard sur-
face. The advantage of this igniter material over Sugar-Chlorate, is
its moldability. The procedure for preparation must be followed
closely to obtain a smooth, uniform material with a hard surface.
CAUTION: THIS MATERIAL IS POISONOUS AND MUST NOT BE EATEN.
b. Material and Equipment.
Granulated Sugar (NOT powdered or confectioners)
Potassium chlorate (no coarser than the sugar)
Metallic, glass, or enameled pan.
Measuring container
Spoon (non-metallic)
Thermometer (200-250 degrees Fahrenheit)
c. Preparation.
(1) Clean the pan by boiling some clean water in it for about five
minutes. Discard the water, pour one measureful of clean water into
the pan and warm it. Dry the measuring container and add one measure-
full of sugar. Stir the liquid until the sugar dissolves.
(2) Boil the solution until a fairly thick syrup is obtained.
(3) Remove the pan from the source of heat to a distance of at least six
feet and shut off the heat. Rapidly add two measurefuls of potassium
chlorate. Stir gently for a minute to mix the syrup and powder, then
pour or spoon the mixture into appropriate molds. If the mold is
paper, it can usually be peeled off when the fire fudge cools and
hardens. Pieces of cardboard or paper adhering to the igniter will
not impair its use. Pyrex, glass, or ceramic molds can be used when a
clear, smooth surface is desired. It is recommended that section
thickness of molded fire fudge be at least one-half inch. If desired,
molded fire fudge can be safely broken with the fingers.
CAUTION: OF THIS IGNITER MATERIAL IS CARELESSLY HANDLED WITH
EXCESSIVE BUMPING OR SCRAPING, IT COULD PRESENT ITSELF AS A HAZARD.
d. Application.
(1) Place a piece of fire fudge on top of the incendiary. Minimum size
should be about one inch square and one-half inch thick. Prepare the
fire fudge for ignition with a fuse cord, string fuse, or
concentrated sulfuric acid in the normal manner.
(2) If only battery grade sulfuric acid is available, it must be concen-
trated before use to a specific gravity of 1.835, by heading it in an
enameled, heat resistant glass or porcelain pot, until dens, white
fumes appear.
(3) When used to ignite flammable liquids, wrap a quantity of the igniter
mixture in a non-absorbent material and suspend it inside the
container near the open top. The container must remain open for easy
ignition and combustion of the flammable liquid.
(4) To minimize the hazard of premature ignition of flammable liquid
vapors, allow at least two feet of fuse to extend from the top edge
of an open container of flammable liquid before lighting the fuse.
INCENDIARY BRICK
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a. Description.
(1) This incendiary is composed of potassium chlorate, sulfur, sugar,
iron filings, and wax. When properly made, it looks like an ordinary
building brick and can be easily transported without detection. The
incendiary brick will ignite wooden walls, floors, and many other
combustible materials.
(2) This incendiary can be directly ignited by all igniters. To ignite
this incendiary with White Phosphorus Solution, the solution must
first be poured on absorbent paper and the paper placed on top of the
brick.
b. Material and Equipment.
Parts By Volume
Potassium chlorate (powdered).......................... 40
Sulfur (powdered)...................................... 15
Granulated sugar....................................... 20
Iron filings........................................... 10
Wax (beeswax or candle wax)............................ 15
Spoon or stick
Brick mild
Red paint
Measuring cup or can
Double boiler
Heat source (hot plate or stove)
c. Preparation.
(1) Fill the bottom half of the double boiler with water and bring to a
boil.
(2) Place the upper half of the boiler on the lower portion and add the
wax, sulfur, granulated sugar, and iron filings in the proper amount.
(3) Stir well to blend all the materials evenly.
(4) Remove the upper half of the double boiler from the lower portion and
either shut off the heat source or move the upper section several
feet from the fire.
CAUTION: EXTREME CARE SHOULD BE EXERCISED AT THIS POINT BECAUSE
ACCIDENTAL IGNITION OF THE MIXTURE IS POSSIBLE. SOME MEANS OF
EXTINGUISHING A FIRE SHOULD BE ACCESSIBLE. IT IS IMPORTANT TO KEEP
FACE, HANDS, AND CLOTHING AT A REASONABLY SAFE DISTANCE DURING THE
REMAINDER OF THE PREPARATION. A FACE SHIELD AND FIREPROOF GLOVES ARE
RECOMMENDED.
(5) CAREFULLY add the required amount of potassium chlorate and again
stir well to obtain a homogeneous mixture.
(6) Pour the mixture into a brick mold and set aside until it cools and
hardens.
(7) When hard, remove the incendiary from the mold, and paint it red to
simulate a normal building brick.
d. Application.
(1) When painted, the incendiary brick can be carried with normal
construction materials and placed in or on combustible materials.
(2) A short time delay in ignition can be obtained by combining fuses
and one of the igniters.
PETN - Pentaerythrite Tetranitrate - (penta, niperyth, penthrit)
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PETN is a high explosive used in detonating that is one of the most
powerful military explosives, almost equal in force to nitroglycerine and RDX.
When used in a detonating cord, it has a detonation velocity of 21,000 feet
per second and is relatively insensitive to friction and shock from handling
and transportation.
PREPARATION: Four hundred cc. of strong white nitric acid-prepared by
adding a little urea to fuming nitric acid, warming, and blowing dry air
through it until it is completely decolorized-is cooled in a 600 cc. beaker in
a freezing mixture of ice and salt. One hundred grams of pentaerythrite,
ground to pass a 50-mesh sieve, is added to the acid a little at a time with
efficient stirring while the temperature is kept below 5 degrees. After all
has been added, the stirring and the cooling are continued for 15 minutes. The
mixture is then drowned in about 4 liters of cracked ice and water. The crude
product, amounting to about 221 grams or 95% of the theory, is filtered off,
washed free from acid, digested for an hour with a liter of hot 0.5% sodium
carbonate solution, again filtered off and washed, dried, and finally
recrystallized from acetone. A good commercial sample of PETN melts at 138.0-
138.5 degrees. The pure material melts at 140.5-141.0 degrees, short prismatic
needles, insoluble in water, difficultly soluble in alcohol and ether.
RDX - Cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine - (Cyclonite, Hexagon, T4)
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RDX is a white crystalline solid that exhibits very high shattering
power. It is commonly used as a booster in explosive trains or as a main
bursting charge. It is stable in storage, and when combined with proper
additives, may be cast or press loaded. It may be initiated by lead azide or
mercury fulminate.
PREPARATION: Detailed instructions are not available on the preperation
of this product at this time, but if you are a good chemist, you will be able
to make it from the brief description following- Cyclonite, prepared by the
nitration of hexamethylenetetramine (C6H12N4), is derived ultimately from no
other raw materials than coke, air, and water. Hexamethylenetetramine has
basic properties and forms a nitrate (C6H12N4-2HNO3, m.p. 165 degrees) that is
soluble in water, insoluble in alcohol, ether, chloroform, and acetone. The
product C3H6O6N6, prepared by nitrating this nitrate is cyclonite. Another
method of extracting RDX is by treating hexamethylenetetramine directly with
strong nitric acid. In the acid process, the tetramine is added slowly in
small portions at a time to nitric acid (1.52 s.g.) at a temperature of 20-20
degrees. When all the tetramine and acid are mixed, warm the liquid to 55
degrees. The allow the mixture to stand for a few minutes, allowing it to cool
to 20 degrees, and the product will be precipitated with the addition of
water. One example is 50 grams of the hexamethylenetetramine added to 550
grams of 100% nitric acid at 30 degrees, over a period of 15 minutes; the
mixture was cooled to 0 degrees, held at 0 degrees for 20 minutes, and the
drowned with water. A chemical diagram of the chemicals and the reaction are
shown below.
N NO2
_/|\_ |
_/ | \_ N
CH2/ CH2 \CH2 / \
| | | CH2 CH2+3CH2O+NH3
| N | + 3HNO3 ----------> | |
| / \ | NO2-N N-NO2
| CH2 CH2 | \ /
| / \ | CH2
N/ \N
\__ __/ Cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine
\ /
CH2
Hexamethylenetetramine
COMPOSITION B
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Composition B is a high-explosive mixture with a relative effectiveness
higher than that of TNT. It is also more sensitive than TNT. It is composed of
RDX (59%), TNT (40%), and wax (1%). Because of its shattering power and high
rate of detonation, Composition B is used as the main charge in certain models
of bangalore torpedoes and shaped charges.
COMPOSITION C4
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Composition C4 is the most common military plastic explosive. It is often
referred to as C4 Plasique. C4 is a white plastic high-explosive more powerful
than TNT. It consists of 91% RDX and 9% plastic binder. It remains plastic
over a wide range of temperatures (-70 to 170 degrees Fahrenheit), and is
about as sensitive as TNT. It is eroded less than other plastic explosives
when immersed under water for long periods. Because of its high detonation
velocity and its plasticity, C4 is well suited for gutting steel and timber
and for breaching concrete.
PENTOLITE
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Pentolite is a high explosive mixture of equal proportions of PETN and
TNT. It is light yellow and is used as the main bursting charge in grenades,
small shells, and shaped charges. Pentolite may be melted and cast in the
container. Pentolite should not be drilled to produce cavities, forming tools
should be used.
Well, that is about it... Hope you have a good one... and as for the next
volume of ANE, I don't know... I write it whenever I feel like it, whenever
I'm in a boring mood, whatever... Till then, later- DD
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